ITC 280 – Class notes 4-20-11
Programs:
o AceText (holds the stuff from your clipboard, in sync with EditPad Pro)
Web Applications review:
Postback string does NOT show up on the page
Web applications can transmit two ways:
Get: default method, not as secure
good for a loaded query page
data being sent is visible
good for a loaded query page
data being sent is visible
Will go back to default if developer accidentally
Post: sends data in a non-visible way
better at forms
better at forms
Forms: (floating in memory)
“name” attribute is how to find/get access to the form
“postback” goes back to the same page
“postback” goes back to the same page
To send data back to the machine back to server
Form elements: see http://saranewman.com/web110/web110form-ppt/web110form-ppt.html
see also:
Constants: accessible everywhere (global)
see also:
Constants: accessible everywhere (global)
Superglobal: all piece of the data that was sent from the user is now called a “superglobal”
“$_...” – indicator of a superglobal
Definition: a variable that is available to you that is a result of a “post”
superglobals are arrays!
“$_...” – indicator of a superglobal
Definition: a variable that is available to you that is a result of a “post”
superglobals are arrays!
· $GLOBALS
· $_SERVER
· $_GET
· $_POST
· $_FILES
· $_COOKIE
· $_ENV
$_POST['varName'] //name attribute MUST match
NOTE: $_GET and $_POST are NOT the same
web server – controls the address …
NOTE: $_GET and $_POST are NOT the same
web server – controls the address …
if(isset($_POST['FirstName']) // to see if there is data
{
$myVar = $_POST['FirstName'];
}
{
$myVar = $_POST['FirstName'];
}
action:”blah.php”
Assignment 4: contact form with Recaptcha (ferrets out web robots)
NOTES:
web – by default is a stateless environment
web – by default is a stateless environment
Cookies: string of data that uniquely identifies the person (part of http & html)
they are for your security
also are known as superglobals
“Session” – piece on the server that matches up to the person globally
they are for your security
also are known as superglobals
“Session” – piece on the server that matches up to the person globally
Server Log: tracks the number of users, number of unique visitors, browser that is used, search engine, search term, website that they used to get to your site
Hosting company: Urchin (owned by google, that is on the server)
> Usually only available are for a week (so they get deleted after)
> Find out how much traffic they have, take a snapshot of the data before it disappears
> Usually only available are for a week (so they get deleted after)
> Find out how much traffic they have, take a snapshot of the data before it disappears
Arrays:
· All important data comes from this format, an alternative way to store a set of variables
constants – can only store one piece of data at a time
constants – can only store one piece of data at a time
· Like a file folder (groups the data) and can grow to virtually any size!
Type of data storage: flexible, allows the following to be stored
strings
numbers
Boolean
arrays (within another set)
> array (within another array)
strings
numbers
Boolean
arrays (within another set)
> array (within another array)
Practice:
array_practice1.php // database stores & gives us the array
indicator for an array (suggested by Bill)
“$a…” = array( );
ex:
<?php
//array_practice1.php
“$a…” = array( );
ex:
<?php
//array_practice1.php
$aFruit = array("bananas",56,"oranges");
print_r($aFruit); // print_r is the command to print the array
print_r($aFruit); // print_r is the command to print the array
?>
Displays:
Array ( [0] => banana [1] => 56 [2] => oranges )
// c style code and starts in 0, not at 1
(built by AT&T, language C)
Array ( [0] => banana [1] => 56 [2] => oranges )
// c style code and starts in 0, not at 1
(built by AT&T, language C)
Offset: how far off it is from the beginning (zero is the start)
index: to what it means to humans (what position it is actually in, “0” means 1st element in array)
key: unique identify data/value: on the right side of the equal sign
index: to what it means to humans (what position it is actually in, “0” means 1st element in array)
key: unique identify data/value: on the right side of the equal sign
<?php
//array_practice1.php
//array_practice1.php
$aFruit = array("bananas",56,"oranges");
echo '<pre>'; //formats the array like how it should look, open <pre> tag
print_r($aFruit); // print_r is the command to print the array
echo '</pre>'; // must end pre tag, php is ignorant of <html> but can use it
echo '<pre>'; //formats the array like how it should look, open <pre> tag
print_r($aFruit); // print_r is the command to print the array
echo '</pre>'; // must end pre tag, php is ignorant of <html> but can use it
?>
Line break: <br /> for <html>
carriage returns: don’t exist in <html>
carriage returns: don’t exist in <html>
Ways to print an array:
print_r: way to look at an array
var_dump: look at anything
Backtrace: like a var_dump for the entire data, dump of the entire server at that moment
var_dump: look at anything
Backtrace: like a var_dump for the entire data, dump of the entire server at that moment
var_dump result: array(3) {
[0]=>
string(7) "bananas"
[1]=>
int(56)
[2]=>
string(7) "oranges"
}
Cheese array exercise:
$aCheese = array();
$aCheese[0] = "cheddar";
$aCheese[1] = "brie";
$aCheese[2] = "brie";
$aCheese[] = "mozerella";
$aCheese[] = "brie"; //fastest way to add a new variable to an array
$aCheese[0] = "cheddar";
$aCheese[1] = "brie";
$aCheese[2] = "brie";
$aCheese[] = "mozerella";
$aCheese[] = "brie"; //fastest way to add a new variable to an array
$brieCounter = 0; // neutral value, empty number for an int
foreach($aCheese as $slice)
{
echo $slice . "<br />";
// how many times does 'brie' string shows up in the array
// if it does equal, increment the brie counter
{
echo $slice . "<br />";
// how many times does 'brie' string shows up in the array
// if it does equal, increment the brie counter
if($slice == "brie")
{ // if the current array value = 'brie', add 1 to the counter
$brieCounter = $brieCounter + 1; // increments the number of bries
$brieCounter += 1; // another way of writing the incrementation
{ // if the current array value = 'brie', add 1 to the counter
$brieCounter = $brieCounter + 1; // increments the number of bries
$brieCounter += 1; // another way of writing the incrementation
$brieCounter++; // shortest version if you are only adding by 1
}
}
}
Most efficient way to access an array is with a “for” loop:
for($x=0;$x<count($aFruit);$x++)
{
echo $aFruit[$x];
}
{
echo $aFruit[$x];
}
1. Start at the beginning
2. Until you get to the end, continue until you get to the end
a. “count” is a function (like getlength)
b. Loops through the array called “aFruit”, $ is the indicator of the array variable
3. Increment by 1, go one at a time
Another way:
$aCheese = array();
$aCheese[0] = "cheddar";
$aCheese[1] = "brie";
$aCheese[2] = "swiss";
$aCheese = array();
$aCheese[0] = "cheddar";
$aCheese[1] = "brie";
$aCheese[2] = "swiss";
for($x=0;$x<count($aCheese);$x++)
{
echo $aCheese[$x] . '<br />';
}
{
echo $aCheese[$x] . '<br />';
}
Alternative way to have a for loop:
foreach($aCheese as $slice)
{
echo $slice . 'br />';
}
{
echo $slice . 'br />';
}
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